A laser pointer works through stimulated emission: an energy source excites atoms in a gain medium, and passing photons trigger those atoms to…
Strip any laser down and you'll find three essential ingredients working together.
The magic happens in two stages inside the cavity.
All lasers share that core process, but they differ in what their gain medium is made of.
A laser's color is set by its wavelength, measured in nanometers (nm), which in turn comes from the gain medium.
Read the complete breakdown, fixes and what happens next.